I le 2018, o le maketi o le kesi faʻaeletoroni a le lalolagi mo fesoʻotaʻiga tuʻufaʻatasia na oʻo atu i le US $ 4.512 piliona, o le siʻitia i lea tausaga ma lea tausaga o le 16%. O le maualuga o le tuputupu aʻe o le eletise eletise eletise faʻapitoa mo semiconductor ma le tele o maketi tetele ua faʻavavevaveina ai le fuafuaga o suiga i totonu ole fale ole kesi faʻapitoa eletise!
O le a le kasa eletise?
O le kasa faaeletonika e faasino i mea autu autu o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o semiconductor, faʻaaliga laulau mafolafola, moli-emitting diodes, solar cell ma isi mea faʻaeletoroni, ma e faʻaaogaina lautele i le faʻamamaina, etching, ata tifaga, doping ma isi faiga. Ole vaega autu ole fa'aogaina ole kasa fa'aeletoroni e aofia ai le fa'aeletonika alamanuia, sola sela, feso'ota'iga fe'avea'i, ta'avale ta'avale ma leo o ta'avale ma vitiō, aerospace, alamanuia militeri ma le tele o isi fa'alapotopotoga.
E mafai ona vaevaeina le kasa fa'aeletonika fa'apitoa i ni vaega se fitu e tusa ai ma lona lava vaila'au fa'apitoa: silicon, arsenic, phosphorus, boron, metal hydride, halide ma metal alkoxide. E tusa ai ma metotia faʻaoga eseese i taʻaloga tuʻufaʻatasia, e mafai ona vaevaeina i le doping gas, epitaxy gas, ion implantation gas, light-emitting diode gas, etching gas, kemisi vapor deposition gas ma paleni kasa. E sili atu i le 110 iunite kasa faʻapitoa o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le semiconductor alamanuia, lea e sili atu nai lo le 30 e masani ona faʻaaogaina.
E masani lava, o le gaosiga o le semiconductor e vaevaeina kesi i ni ituaiga se lua: kasa masani ma kasa faapitoa. Faatasi ai ma i latou, o le kasa masani faʻaaogaina e faasino i se tuʻufaʻatasiga tuʻufaʻatasia ma faʻaaogaina le tele o kesi, e pei o le N2, H2, O2, Ar, He, ma isi mea faʻapitoa kasa e faatatau i nisi kasa kemisi faʻaaogaina i le faagasologa o le gaosiga o le semiconductor, e pei o le faʻaopoopoga, tui ion, faʻafefiloi, fufuluina, ma le faʻavaeina o ufimata, o le mea lea ua tatou taʻua nei kesi faʻaeletoroni faʻapitoa, e pei o le maualuga o le mama, PH3, AsH4, PH3, AsH2. NH3, SF6, NF3, CF4, BCl3, BF3, HCl, Cl2, ma isi.
I le faagasologa atoa o le gaosiga o le semiconductor alamanuia, mai le tuputupu aʻe chip i le afifiina masini mulimuli, toetoe lava o sooga uma e le mafai ona tuueseeseina mai le kasa faapitoa faaeletonika, ma le eseese o kesi faʻaaogaina ma tulaga maualuga manaʻomia, o lea e iai mea semiconductor mea eletise eletise. “meaai”.
I tausaga talu ai nei, o vaega tetele faaeletonika a Saina e pei o semiconductors ma faʻaaliga panels ua faʻateleina i le gaosiga fou gafatia, ma o loʻo i ai se manaʻoga malosi mo le faʻaulufaleina mai o mea faʻainisinia eletise. O le tulaga o kasa faaeletonika i totonu o pisinisi semiconductor ua sili atu ona lauiloa. Ole alamanuia kasa fa'aeletonika fa'aeletonika ole a fa'atosina vave le fa'atupulaia.
O le kasa faʻaeletoroni faʻapitoa e maualuga tele le manaʻomia mo le mama, aua afai e le oʻo atu le mama i mea e manaʻomia, o vaega eleelea e pei o le vai ma le okesene i le kesi faʻaeletoroni faʻapitoa o le a faigofie ona fausia ai se ata tifaga i luga o le semiconductor, lea e aʻafia ai le ola tautua o masini faʻaeletoroni, ma le kesi faʻaeletoroni faʻapitoa o loʻo i ai O vaega o mea eleelea e mafai ona mafua ai le vaʻaia o le semiconductor ma faʻaleagaina matagaluega. E mafai ona fai mai o le faʻaleleia atili o le mama e taua tele i le gaosiga ma le faʻatinoina o le gaosiga o masini eletise.
Faatasi ai ma le faʻaauauina pea o le atinaʻeina o le semiconductor industry, o loʻo faʻaauau pea ona faʻaleleia le gaosiga o le gaosiga, ma o lea ua oʻo atu i le 5nm, lea ua lata i le faʻatapulaʻaina o le tulafono a Moore, lea e tutusa ma le tasi-luasefulu o le lautele o le lauulu o le tagata (tusa ma le 0.1 mm). O le mea lea, o loʻo tuʻuina atu ai foʻi manaʻoga maualuga i luga o le mama o le kesi faʻaeletoroni faʻapitoa e gaosia e semiconductors.
Taimi meli: Tes-15-2021
